Unit 03: Grammar- Present perfect.

 

The present perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action has taken place once or many times before now. The present perfect is most frequently used to talk about experiences or changes that have taken place, but there are other less common uses as well. Read on for detailed descriptions, examples, and present perfect exercises.

• Examples: 

1. I’ve read three books this month.

2. Adam has obtained a diploma.

3. Ilham has just married.

4. Salah has been teaching English for 10 years.

5. Salah has been teaching English since 2010.

6. I haven’t had my baccalaureate yet.

•  Form:

•   has/have + V(past participle)
•   has/have + been +V -ing
  

 

•  Use:

1. for example number 1 above the month hasn't finished yet. The reader can addother books to read.

 2. for example number 2 above the time is not mentioned, there is no time adverb.

3. for example number 3 above the time is recent, the action happened lately.

==> Present perfect is used with some expression:

•  4. for 5. since 6. yet
  Ever – never - already - just

 

Negative (examples)	Affirmative (examples)	pronouns
•      haven’t seen my grandparents since last week.	•      have played games for 2 hours.	I
		You
		We
		They
•      hasn’t decided yet	•      has worked in this job for two years.	He / She

 

examples		Interrogative
·        arrived yet? ·        Gone abroad? ·        Been to France before?	I / you / we / they	Have
	He / she / Latifa / Ali	Has